Lebanon and its main problems Essay -- essays research papers fc

Lebanon Lebanon is a Middle Eastern republic that is delimitated to the west by the Mediterranean and to the east by the Syro-African Depression. Lebanon borders Syria to the north and to the east, and Israel in the south.Lebanons climate is Mediterranean mild to cool, wet winters, and hot, dry summers. Some of Lebanons natural resources are the limestone, salt, water and iron ore. Like any other(a) country there are natural hazards such as dust storms and sandstorms. creation pressures egress, urbanization, immigration.Lebanons universe of discourse consists of 3, 777, 218 (this data is from July, 2004)Age structure 0-14 years 26.9% (male 517,356 distaff 496,888) 2004 adhesion* 15-64 years 66.3% (male 1,197,430 female 1,305,339) 65 years and over 6.9% (male 117,930 female 142,275) Median age total 26.9 years male 25.9 years female 27.9 years (2004 est.)Population growth rate 1.3% (2004 est.)Birth rate 19.31 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) Death rate 6.28 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)Sex ratio at birth 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over 0.83 male(s)/femaleTotal population 0.94 male(s)/female Infant mortality rate total 25.48 deaths/1,000 live births male 28.21 deaths/1,000 live births female 22.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)Life expectancy at birth total population 72.35 years male 69.91 years female 74.91 years Total fertility rate 1.95 children born/woman (2004 est.) Economic issuesThe Lebanese economy is service-oriented main growth sectors include banking and tourism. There are no limitations on foreign exchange or capital movement, and bank secrecy is strictly enforced.Lebanon recently pick out a law to combat money laundering. Moreo... ...clared this region not to be Lebanese territory, but Lebanese resistance occasionally launches attacks against Israeli positions in spite of appearance it.d Possible steps to solve the conflictThe country has been able to recover from the effects of civil war throughout the years thanks to tourism. Moreover some other ways for Lebanon to recover would be foreign investment other companies establishing their businesses in Lebanon.War in Lebanon ended in 1989 due to the Taif-Agreement sponsored by the Arab League. And in September 2, 2004 the United Nations Security Council, approved the Resolution 1559 which demanded total withdrawal of Syria from Lebanon. Another fact is that since there are many Palestinians in Lebanon their civil rights cannot be granted because of problems in the past. Furthermore Palestinians could be useful for Lebanons economic issues if they are allowed to improve their economic and social situation in other haggle integrate them. Nevertheless Palestinians have to conform to the Lebanese democratic traditions.BIBLIOGRAPHY http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon http//www.arts.mcgill.ca/mepp/PRRN/papers/haddad.html C NN news

The Effects of Nuclear Weapons Essay -- Nuclear Weapons Essays

The Effects of Nuclear Weapons The United States is the most powerful country in the institution. They have the biggest army, navy, and airforce, but that is not why other countries fear them. The reason the United States is feared, is because of its nuclear capabilities. The United States has the power to blow up the entire World without even using half of their nuclear bombs. Having all of this nuclear power is good, because it prevents other countries from trying to go to state of war with the United States. The problem with these bombs is that in hostelry to misrepresent sure they work, the United States has to test them. There is only one way to test a nuclear bomb, and that is by letting it off. When they test these bombs, it brand radiation flying through the air, causing many innocent civilians to get severely sick, and even die. Not only do these bombs effect humans, but they in addition effect the wildlife. When these bombs are sent off in the ocean, they kil l many fish, and also plant life. Some fish dont die and then are contaminate with the radiation For years the government has been testing Nuclear Weapons to make sure that they work, incase we ever have to use them. It is a good idea to make sure that our country is protected, but is it worth killing American citizens in the process. The idea for a Nuclear Bomb came into the picture, during World War II. The code disclose for the project to create it was the Manhattan Project. It was named for the Manhattan Engineer District of the US Army Corps of Engineers, because much of the early research was done in New York City. In 1942 planetary Leslie Groves was chosen to lead the project, and he immediately purchased a site at Oak Ridge, Tennessee for facilities to separate the necessary ur... ...Nagasaki, in order to end WW II, and to save American lives at the same time. The question remains, just how many American live were saved, if you add up all of the people that died from t he nuclear testing that followed after the war? Works Cited1. Manhattan Project. The Story. www.gis.net/carter/manhattan/thestory.html. 2. Atomic Bomb Truman Press Release August 6, 1945. www.trumanlibrary.org/teaching/abomb.htmfurther. 3. York, The Advisor, p. 77. 4. Michael Marchino, A Wrongful Death, Progressive, November 1980, pp. 9-10. 5. Atomic Veterans Newsletter, November/December 1979, p. 7 6. Ralph E. Lapp, The Voyage of the Lucky flying lizard (New York Harper & Brothers, 1958), pp. 81-83. 7. Robert C. Pendleton, et al. Iodine-131 in Utah During July and August 1962, Science, August 16, 1963, pp. 640-642.

The Swirls Of Emotions :: essays research papers

Emotions can be classified, according to your individualised experience, into three different categories happiness, lamentableness, and anger. First of all, there is happiness. Happiness has no limits, for it can be felt at any time, any place and to any person. It cannot be hunted for it is not obvious, but inscrutable. Happiness is realized by understanding ones self, which is completely a personal experience. For instance, a person may find happiness in one thing, whereas someone else may in another. Happiness is what we let it be, and even though contract the abilty to let ourselves be happy, we rarely do. The second catagory that emotions can be fall into is sadness. Why is the quest for happiness left us more vulnerable and sad? Are we a society of people who are all looking for happiness and disappinted with what we find? In most cases, sadness leaves us in a state of depression and unstableness. When you sprain sad you feel as though you hate life at the present time and in most instances you cry, become depressed and feel like your sadness will be everlasting. If we were always happy and never expressed our sadness, it would eventually build up and one day we would just explode, and mabye go into a form of deep depression. The last but not least of the catagories of emotion is anger. Quick to rise, and even quicker to lash out, the simple-minded emotion of anger has the power to destroy and create. Anger is not always a bad emotion. Without anger lives would be lost, tyranny would go unopposed, and inhumanities would be lightly accepted. Anger, the most powerful and feared emotion of the souls repertoire, destroys and created in the same breath. Moving from one person to the next anger is an every present force in

An Innocent Man Wronged in Oleanna Essay -- David Mamet

Sometimes at that place ar events in our lives that we cannot control. These events occur, more or less, due to our own actions. Sometimes, however, we must come to terms with our inability to dish out certain situations and also to reach our goals. These events are facts of life everyone some people cant run as fast, or lift as much, or write as well. It is during these times that we must focus on what we can do well, and try to direct our goals around those features that make us good at something. In David Mamets Oleanna, earth-closet loses his job and his ho implement due to Carols ignorance, lack of self-confidence, and overall inability to come to terms with her own short-comings as a student. This play epitomizes an act of complete adulteration based solely on one individuals failure to accept that she just might not be good at school--or at least Johns class.In an attempt to help a young student named Carol, a professor named John loses his house and his job. All of the blame rests on Carols shoulders, for it was she that allowed her delusions of grandeur and success (being without the needful skills to attain them) to ruin the life of man who has dedicated his life to helping students do just that. Carols ignorance plays a big role in this tragedy. From the very first-class honours degree of this play, it is apparent that Carol does not understand the information given in class, but it is her unwillingness to even try that makes her at fault. People who came here. To have it off something they didnt knowTo be helpedSo someone would help them (12). Carol is begging John to understand that she is stupid. She doesnt deficiency help in the sense that someone might want help writing a paper. She wants it hand fed to her, and education is a process that involves the teacher pointing the way, not carrying someone to the end. Carols misconceptions of how college is supposed to work can however be result of not having been exposed to the realities of higher education, but I believe that she just doesnt have the skills she needs to succeed. Nobody tells me anything. And I sit therein the corner. In the back (14). This is an example of the total lack of motivation that Carol has to learn. Her ignorance leads her to believe that a college education is supposed to hand fed. She just sits there, in the back, without an attempt to even try to learn on her own. We all need help form time to tim... ...hool. They have lived their lives fearing that the system of education has decided that they are failures. This group has only one goal, and that is to succeed. Their success, however, has a price. Those people who stand in the way re their enemies. Johns fate was a result of Carol finding this group, and allowing them to use her as a pawn in their own sick, twisted agenda. All the members of this group suffer from the same illness that ails Carol ignorance, lack of self-confidence, and an ability to parcel out with their own shortcoming s as students.Carol represents a group of people that are the destruction of the higher education system. Their complete disregard for societal structure toll a good teacher his job and his home. It seems that today, when we are unable to get what we want by earning it, we have to destroy and tear down the barriers in our way. This is scarce what Carol does, and the manner in which she executes her plan would leave most students to wonder why even try? Works CitedMamet, David. Oleanna A Play in twain Acts. The Best Plays of 1992-1993. Eds. Otis L. Guernsey, Jr. and Jeffrey Sweet. New York Limelight, 1993. 150-164

a building that I love Essay -- Free Essay Writer

My family lives in a detached nursing home located in a cosy suburban neighbourhood in Vantaa. The building stands on a modest hill surrounded by mostly detached, but also by semi-detached and terraced houses. The altitude provides us with a magnificent view over a nearby valley and makes our own house look massive and very impressive indeed almost monumental. We gain a spacious garden and a private driveway. Judging by these facts you might think that our home is just another catalogue house of a fairly wealthy middleclass family. The building has, however, gone through various, more or less painful phases before eventually reaching its current unconventional structure. The house was originally a wooden cottage with no modern facilities whatsoever and a muddy yard serving as a paddock for pigs and sheep. My parents were looking for a suitable detached house to buy, saw this tiny cottage and fell in love with it instantly. Whatever possessed them, I do not know. possibly they we re amazed by the fact that such idyllic smallholdings (or more accurately horrible dumps) could actually be found in a mere 25km gas constant from the centre of Helsinki. My own theory is that both of them, in some strangely twisted way, saw the cottage as a challenging and interesting menace instead of a livelong working camp which it ultimately turned out to be. This was fifteen years ago and we are still renovating. My parents decided to dissipate the cottage by building a separate house next to it. Being a ...

a building that I love Essay -- Free Essay Writer

My family lives in a detached phratry located in a cosy suburban neighbourhood in Vantaa. The edifice stands on a modest hill surrounded by mostly detached, but also by semi-detached and terraced houses. The altitude provides us with a magnificent view everyplace a nearby valley and makes our own house look massive and very impressive indeed almost monumental. We have a spacious garden and a private driveway. Judging by these accompaniments you might think that our home is just another catalogue house of a fairly wealthy middleclass family. The building has, however, gone through various, more or less painful phases before eventually reaching its current unconventional structure. The house was originally a wooden cottage with no modern facilities whatsoever and a muddy yard serving as a paddock for pigs and sheep. My parents were looking for a suitable detached house to buy, saw this tiny cottage and fell in love with it instantly. Whatever possessed them, I do not know. Perha ps they were amazed by the fact that such idyllic smallholdings (or more accurately horrible dumps) could actually be found in a mere 25km radius from the centre of Helsinki. My own system is that both of them, in some strangely twisted way, saw the cottage as a challenging and interesting adventure instead of a orpine working camp which it ultimately turned out to be. This was fifteen years ago and we are still renovating. My parents decided to expand the cottage by building a separate house next to it. Being a ...

Compare and contrast the dictatorships of Hitler and Stalin Essay

Totalitarianism is when all three caters of the state (judicial, executive, and legislative) are cont tweaked by one person. This is what happened in the twentieth century when Adolph Hitler and Joseph Stalin became the dictators of Ger some(prenominal) and Russia. They were similar in many ways but had completely different fundamental ideas.Hitler was born in 1889 in Austria . He left school with no qualifications and fought in the First humanness War. Stalin was born in 1879 in Georgia. His original name was Iosif Dzugashvili but he changed it to Stalin (which means man of steel). Both Hitler and Stalin had relatively low backgrounds.Both Hitler and Stalin came to power in difficult times. After loosing the First World War, Germany was in dept. There had been a hyper-inflation and the Germans were eager for change. Russia on the other hand was in the middle of a revolution and communism was being installed. Both Hitler and Stalin were capable of using the current economical situa tion to help them to power promising everything the Germans and Russians wanted. Unlike Stalin, Hitler was very safe(p) at making speeches but they were both devious and ruthless leaders.Neither Hitler or Stalin believed in democracy but they still had very different beliefs. Stalin was a member of the Russian Communist Party. He thought that a country could only progress under this regime where everything be grands to everyone and there are supposedly no rich and no poor everyone is equal. Hitler was fascist he believed that all Jews, homosexuals, mentally ill and gypsies should be killed and only the Aryan race should live (white Europeans who had blond bull and blue eyes). Hitler also wanted to destroy the communist party and rebuild his army to expand Germany. Both leaders wanted to rebuild their country and tally it more powerful.Hitler and Stalin both used terror to keep people in line. They had a largesecret police that they would use to crush any opposition. In both count ries people and children were encouraged to report on one another. People who criticized or opposed Hitler or Stalin were arrested tortured and killed or sent to gulags (in Russia) or constriction camps (in Germany) where they did forced labor. Gulags were often situated in Siberia and the prisoners were badly fed and dressed and not payed. Hitler and Stalin would not hesitate to kill or exile any governmental opponents or people seen as threats within or without of their party. Both dictators banned all other political parties.Hitler and Stalin were both able to control what the population though and what information it received. They controlled the cinema, education, arts, the media (newspapers and radio) They also controlled religion in Russia belief in God was replaced by belief in communism and Stalin. Propaganda played a big roll in both their dictatorships. In Russia, paintings, films, plays and posters gave a positive image of Stalin, promoting him as the best leader. In G ermany, propaganda was used to show that the national socialists were doing the best things for the Germans. Propaganda always exaggerated and conjured Nazi achievements and ideas. In both cases failures were hidden from the public.Both Hitler and Stalin changed life a lot for the people of their countries. They created a lot of jobs but the workers were very badly paid and worked for long hours. Stalin created jobs in the industry and farming and Hitler in the military and infrastructure. Stalin believed that women should work too and in 1937, forty percent of workers were women. Hitler on the other hand believed that women were to stay at home and take care of the children. When Hitler came to power he sacked most women that were already working. In both cases their were very few women in politics. Children were taught that Hitler/Stalin were heroes. Schools were used to promote communism and fascism. Girls were taught baking and childcare. Outside of school children were encoura ged to join the Hitler Youth (in Germany) and the Pioneers (in Russia). Boys were shaped to become industrial workers or soldiers and girls to raise and take care of a family.Under both Hitler and Stalins dictatorships the lives of the Germans and Russians were changed a lot. They both controlled what information got to the people and used terror to maintain order. They were also both able to use to their gain many things like the economical crises. Though both rulers had different goals they had similar means to achieve them.

Elasticity on Demand, Breakeven Analysis and Pricing Decisions Essay

When a firm changes damages, the effect on profits is more important than the effect on r eveue. There is a simple formula to calculate the lively Price Elasticity of demand which is just sufficient to maintain the contribution to overheads and profits. This will be greater than that compulsory to maintain revenue. A common issue in business and in business studies is whether a firm should change the prices at which products are offered. The calculations begin with estimates of the response of customers to the new prices.This reaction is represented as Price Elasticity of drive (PED), the ratio of the proportionate changes in volume and price. Students are always told and some students even remember that Elastic Demand (PED >1) means more revenue from a lower price and little from a higher one and Inelastic Demand (PED But who wants the same revenue with lower profits? Any change in price will have a much bigger impact, proportionately, on the contribution per item for the f irm than on the asking price to the customer.It follows that an increase in price may succeed in raising profits, even though revenue falls and that a lower price may reduce profits even though revenue increases. So the critical question is not whether the PED is greater or less than one, but whether it is sufficiently high (for a lower price) or sufficiently low (for a price increase) to improve profits. The critical level of PED can be found by an application of breakeven analysis.We can take the current level of contribution to overheads and profit and ask what the volume (units sold) mustiness be to give the same level of contribution at the alternative price. Having found this critical volume, we can then compute what the PED would be to give us this volume at the new price, compared with the existing price and quantity. This then will be the Critical Price Elasticity of Demand (CPED). If we are raising prices, whatever PED less than CPED will increase profits if we are lower ing price, we want PED to be more than CPED.And while at that place is no way, short of trying the price change, to know what the PED actually is, a firm may well have sensible ideas about the likelihood of its being significantly greater or less than a specified value. It may seem that calculating the CPED is rather a waste of time, since we should have to calculate the required change in quantity startle and might just as well reckon our chances of getting this volume after our price change, without entering into Elasticity computations at all. However it turns out that there is a very simple formula for calculating the CPED.

Christ TV Essay

Basic Details The appellation of the rise is Footprints in the Sand. This title is derived from the famous modern religious anecdote ab start a human being walking along a path. The man asks Jesus Christ why there were two sets of footprints when he was walking easy paths but only atomic number 53 when he was walking difficult paths. Jesus answered him by saying that when the path was hard, those were the times that Jesus carried him. The title basically hints to the religious nature of the show itself. The title will be associated with an appropriate logo that depicts footprints in the sand story. Credits would include producers, a director, a remote camera crew, music crew, editing crew, technical field crew, and non-technical field crew, and humanity characters.Synopsis The show will add itself to the long line of reality programs that have been done. The clear distinction is that this is the only reality show that will actively promote Christian evangelization both to the v iewers and the participants in the show itself. There will be a team of cardinal (7) individuals who will make up the main characters in the show. Although all seven do non necessarily have to be present in both issue, their appearances would be shuffled normally to allow all of them to be viewed significantly through verboten the season. Aside from the seven, a host would make round narrations as needed in each episode. on the whole seven would be men of strong Christian bearing. In other words, they would be non-Christian priests.The seven men would be sent out to different locations throughout the States. Most of the time, they would be set as hitchhikers walking the highways with a remote camera crew. The preachers would be bugged with audio and video receivers. They would withal be clothed not as priests but as civilian clad hitchhikers. The reality show basically would feature how these priests go about their duties of evangelization out on the highways. An individual p riest will be feature asking for rides until one is outpouringn to him. Then the show would feature how the priest interacts with the people he had hitched a ride with.There will also be sections of on-camera interviews with the people who accepted the priest after the actual circumstances are revealed to them. If the people would not want themselves to be shown on television, then that particular episode would not be included in the season. An entire season will have to be completed before the show is aired. Only episodes of significant religious value would be shown and the rest would be edited out. This means that the show would be gibe over and over again until enough significant episodes with are compiled. Each episode would be good for one hour, advertisements included. Of course, religious Christian values would be the prime educational value that can be derived from the show. Entertainment value comes from its feel good nature. This show does not contain the aggressive, c ompetitive, and sometimes even idle nature of other reality shows. Instead, it only tries to showcase the goodness of men which can be brought out with proper evangelical guidance. Individual shows would differ with lever to the situations that the priests would be involved in, the people they would be interacting with could vary from truckers, to fraternity road trippers to families on RVs. Each episode would offer to the viewers new enriching experiences of the shows characters.Characters The seven priestsGeorge McKay A Dominican friar in his mid forties. He is a balding man with a mild demeanor.Alfredo Salve A Portuguese missionary who is very well traveled. He has curly hair and sports the typical beard. He is very cheerful and proclaims the Word of the Lord with much vigor.Andrew Jenkins An old American missionary in his late 50s. He is solemn and often speaks with deep reflection.Michael Uro A neophyte priest who has just been ordained. He is the youngest and most inexperien ced among the seven.Howard Robbs An African American preacher who speaks with conviction and zeal.Kim Lee sunbathe A Korean national who was converted to Christianity and joined the missionaries. He has only a mild travail of the English languageMerick Maltov A Jesuit with a reprimanding nature. He can have a bit of a temper at times.Wendell Jordan The voice that would enjoin in the show.There are of course other reality characters that would appear in the show as well as guests including some minor actors during some occasions. Some of these would be enumerated in the synopsis of episodes. Viewership The primary target viewers would be the devout Christians who are still found in large rime in the U.S. and throughout the world. But moreover, this show seeks to eventually break into the primetime market and compete head on with the other shows that are currently popular. This show intends to give the viewing audience an alternative to all the violence filled programs that are cu rrently shown. It will be initially offered to established Christian television networks such(prenominal) as EWTN, Catholic Family broadcast, andChrist TV (Jurgen 21). Eventually, it would be offered to both Christian and non-religious networks around the world. Its viewership is expected to range through income brackets, gender, and age. It is a show for everyone. That being said, capableness advertisers could also be as wide ranged as the viewers with the obvious exclusion of products disapproved of by Christian groups worldwide.Proposed Synopsis of 5 episodesEpisode 1 Characters All seven priests The shows producers The shows director The narrator Ben Hatcher The commencement ceremony episode is basically an orientation of what the show is all about. It introduces each priest and gives a background overview and interviews on what they feel, their expectations, their fears, and so on. A greater focus would be set on neophyte priest Michael Uro who would be undertaking the first mission under the context of the last being the first. It also takes the point of view of the producers and director, as well as the narrator himself. The first episode is 50% longer (one and a half hour) than the normal airtime of the show. It will end with Michael shown walking down a Las Vegas highway trying to hitch a ride. A gets a truck and offers to pay the trucker, who would only in the next episode be introduced as Bob Hatcher.Episode 2 CharactersMichael Uro Alfredo Salve Bob Hatcher Jim Kennedy The foster episode follows two priests journeys. First, it will check up on Michaels situation with Bob, how the two get introduced and some conversations that they have along Bobs way. Bob expresses his disbelief in God and Michael tries to convince him otherwise.In subsequent interviews, Bob explains his position further (in a setting after he has versed about the show). Michaels nervousness would also be featured in an interview. On the other hand, Alfredo Salve would be hitc hing a ride on a Buick driven by an old man. The old man who will be introduced in the same episode as Jim Kennedy, will open up his problems to an conform to Salve who will give him sound advice about his children. Interviews with Salve and Kennedy would also be shown.Episode 3 CharactersMichael UroKim Lee SunBob Hatcher Joey Martucci Mike Mowan Steven Childe David de Cassi The third episode continues Michaels conversations with Bob Hatcher. It would show a gradual conversion of Bob from being a non-believer to a believer in Christ. Kim Lee Sun will be shown trying to find his ride in another highway in Indiana. He will get a ride with a group of fraternity boys. An interview with one of the boys, David de Cassi will reveal how ridiculous they found Kim at first and the circumstances in which they decided to let him on base their van. In this episode, Kim will be able to talk some sense into the boys regarding some of their unchristian habits such as womanizing.Episode 4 Charac tersMichael UroBob HatcherHoward RobbsDuke ForrestChelsea ForrestMichelle Forrestjimmy Forrest This episode will conclude Michael and Bobs trip with Bobs conversion to the Christian faith. It will also show Howard Robbs encounter with the Forrest family. The episode with Robbs will not be a converting episode but only an observational one. The Forrest family is a devout Catholic family. Conversations between Robbs and the Forrest children, Michelle (9) and Jimmy (5) would be inspiring moments in the show. The show ends with clips from Bob Hatchers baptismal.Episode 5 Characters Merick MaltovAndrew JenkinsGeorge McKay Joanna Kenzie Richard Kenzie The 5th episodes main feature would be Merick Maltovs encounter with the Kenzie couple whose marriage is on the rocks. They would be on their way to Iowa to finalize their divorce but their minds would be changed along the way partially because of Maltovs strong counsel. On the sidelines, Jenkins and Mckay would be featured as having trouble s with getting rides. Their difficulties would be shown and their opinions about the difficulties would be taken in interviews.Rough OutlineOpeningMusicOpening CreditsIntroduction on what the show is aboutReintroduction of previous unfinished plot linesEpisode BodyFocus on storyline 1 (main story line for the episode)Actual eventsInterviewsFocus on storyline 2 (side story in the episode)Actual eventsInterviewsFocus on storyline 1 (main story line for the episode)Actual eventsInterviewsFocus on storyline 2 (side story in the episode)Actual eventsInterviewsConclusion of storyline 1 for the episodeConclusion of storyline 2 for the episodeClosingEnding imputeWorks CitedJurgen, Tommy A. Broadcasting History. NY McGraw Hill, 2006.

Ethics: Hedonism and Pleasure Essay

1) The difference between natural and attitudinal frolic is that genius is something that you can hold and grab, while the other is something that is in your mind. To expand, physical pleasure is a temporary thing. For an example Eating key lime pie. Eating this specific pie for some people give them pleasure because it tastes good however, when the spending is complete, the taste eventually goes away along with the pleasure. On the other hand, attitudinal, or psychological pleasure, is a perpetual kind of happiness instead of the momentary pleasure that physical pleasure gives you. Hedonists take the side that attitudinal pleasure is intrinsically valuable however this distinction is solely based on the fact that attitudinal please has a more lasting effect then that of its ripostepart. Yet, hedonists attract and claim this position because each person is different, and the freedom to follow what makes for a good life is individualistic.2) The Hedonism supposition claims that all pleasures are intrinsically good, and that nothing other than pleasure is intrinsically good. However my objection to this statement is that the overall life satisfaction is not acquired by means of experiencing constant pleasures, and that experiences life only through chasing pleasurable actions will only end unpleasant. Also, hedonism states that good is pleasure and bad is hurt. In distinction, if having an appetite is painful (bad) and firm an appetite is pleasant (good), a person will experience both pleasure and pain when satisfying an appetite. Therefore olfactory sensation pleasure and feeling pain are not the same as doing well and doing badly.Page40-412) If I had the chance to get into the experience machine I would not, because the experience machine is known to counter ethical hedonism. Doing so would only be contradictory towards my belief of hedonism. One of the arguments against plugging into the experience machine is that the experience machine limits people to a man-made reality. Gaining usage without actions defeats the purpose of experiences therefore, residual happiness is destroyed because you had no drive or will to gain that happiness.5) I believe the strongest objection towards hedonism is that feeling pleasure and feeling pain are not the same as doing well and doing bad. A hedonist would state that all pleasure is good and pain is bad however, one can experience pain and pleasure at the same time, which makes neither of them good or bad.

Disadvantages of Homeschooling Essay

Is it a bad thing that homeschooled kids may be different than public school kids? Some people verify that homeschooled children ar smart and polite. On the other hand, there is a different opinion that home- amend children argon lazy, old-fashioned, naive and do not cave in a ripe nurture. Homeschooling is the education of children at home by parents who have numerous reasons for it for example, better test results, religious reasons, and living in isolated rural areas.Robert Paul Reyes in his article Home Schooling Not a Good Idea explains, The proponents of home schooling say it gives parents control of their childrens curriculum and protects them from the violence, sex, drugs, and other social ills that beset the public school system(1). Homeschooling is a legal choice for parents to teach their children, but I am against home education for everyone. There are many important reasons for anti-homeschooling including lack of social skills, unqualified teacher-parents, and a l ack of knowledge and education for special needs children.One reason against homeschooling is that children are unprepared socially in real life by studying at home. Some parents do not like public schools. They state, that it is enough for kids to communicate that with family members (Reyes 1). However, children who study at home during their informative years will find it extremely difficult to live in the real world. These kids do not have sex other cultures and do not have communicational skills. How can a young person learn to appreciate other cultures if he or she doesnt live among them? (Scaccia 2)For example, my neighbor, a girl 23 years old, was homeschooled as a child, and then worked in a store. She absolutely does not have social skills. She cannot fox a job, because she cannot work with customers or on a team with other employees. Thit is why studying in public school children can learn prefatory manners, teamwork, and respect for others. The second reason for anti- homeschooling is that a parent cannot teach a child in every subject as well as an educated teacher. Not everyone is qualified to be a teacher.A lot of parents cant balance a checkbook or find Iraq on a map let alone teach their young Algebra & Geography. Just because you love smaller Johnny does not qualify you to be his teacher My mom and pop loved me, but it was a 6th grade teacher that instilled in me a love of reading and writing. (Reyes 1) Some people think that there are many books to teach their children at home, and it is not a problem if parents are not highly educated. According to Tamara Eaton, Heres your chance to learn pay off along with your childrenThere are tremendous resources available to help us teach our own children. Studies have proven time and again that the success of homeschooling is not dependent upon the level of the parents education. (2) The truth is that parents cannot be good and have knowledge in Math, History, Grammar, and Music at the same t ime. Moreover, parent-teachers often do not have time and energy to teach kids, because there is a lot of work at home such as, housecleaning and preparing food. Finally, homeschooling is bad for special needs children, because homeschooling parents dresst have special knowledge.According to Jesse Scaccia, Homeschooling of these children is tricky, because a lot of special knowledge is needed. It is certainly quite safe to leave the education of these children to the experts. Special education teachers have been trained with the necessary skills to handle and teach special needs children. (4) I met a family who has a modify child. The child cannot walk, sit, or talk. In terzetto years, this child studying in a public school can understand and explain many things by pointing with one finger. Often, parents decide to keep their disabled children at home all the time.That is why these kids cannot communicate with other children and feel isolated. What kind of future is for these chi ldren without well-educated specialists? In conclusion, some parents want to homeschool their children, because they wish to lay aside their kids from bad things that happen in the public schools. Religion and living in isolated areas are also the reasons for home education. However, homeschooling is not for everyone, because homeschooled children get very little socialization to other cultures and have communication problems.Moreover, many parents are not qualified to be the teachers, especially in different areas such as, History, Geography, Algebra, and foreign language. Also, retention disabled children at home all the time is a terrible mistake. These children can get special education and services in the public schools by interacting with other kids. The only important and main key in a childs success at a happy life is parental involvement. Parents must always educate their children and teach them to behave well, but the child can also be learning these lessons by teachers and their school peers.

Dental hygienist Essay

The passage I read is called I have finally found what I wanted to be when I grew up. It is a personal success stage about Shelia S. Websters journey to becoming a registered nurse. This passage is very relatable to what I want to be when I grow up because I would like to become a paediatric Nurse. Being a Pediatric Nurse means that you devote your knowledge and skills to feel for for children from infancy to late teen years, and their families. In this passage Shelia writes about how much work and time it took for her to become a nurse.Shelia first started in the medical battlefield as a labor and delivery staff nurse in 1993, but a few brokers of this job quickly had Shelia second guessing her public life (Webster). One factor that made her job less appealing was the stress of working in a uplifted risk environment (Webster). The second factor was the late hours, between work and coach she hardly had any time to herself (Webster). The third factor that made Shelia want to c hange her maintenanceer was the restricting care she could provide in her facility (Webster).All of that stress was making her reach her breaking point (Webster). While still in school, her first step to her go was signing up for the legal nurse consulting seminar and before the semester was over she k clean that nursing was the job for her (Webster). She was willing to do anything to get herself into the nursing program, to achieve this she became a claims psychoanalyst at a mal exert insurance carrier (Webster). She was determined to learn as much as she could at the insurance company and set up an free LNC (Legal Nursing Consulting) practice in about two years (Webster).Her second step was to take a pilot essay, and it was an eye opener for her (Webster). The pilot test is like a pre-test to help Shelia get an understanding of what the final exam will be like. Reality set in fast and she was determined to do the best she could on the final exam. When it was time for her to ta ke the Legal Nursing Consulting exam she did not hesitate to show her strengths. She was prepared for the exam due to the practice she got from the pilot test, and was completely confident in herself (Webster).In 1998 she got her Legal Nursing Consulting license and said I am very proud to have those initials in front of my last name for the rest of my life. (Webster) There are a few reasons why Shelias storyrelates to my life. When I started my junior year of high school I went to the career center for dental assisting. I was expecting to go to enroll into Columbus State Community College, get a major in Dental Hygiene, and then get my Dental Hygienist license in two years.However, after the last two years of being in the Dental Assisting program, like Shelia, I knew I did not want to be what I thought I wanted to be. I am going in a new direction, to major in nursing. One reason is, since I was young I always took extra concern for peoples wellbeing and would like to brand name a career out of it. I would also like to expand my nursing and become a Pediatrician. The second reason why Shelias story is relatable to mine is that I am great with little kids and I think that being a Pediatrician would be a good career for me. At 19 years old, looking for a place to start my career, I applied at the local daycare called Bloom Latch severalise.It is a morning time and afternoon program for grade school children to come to if they are too young to stay home by themselves to wait for the bus, or for the bus to take out them off at their houses. Finally, the third reason why Shelias story is relatable to my life is because I am getting a job as a child care provider to get my career started like Shelia worked as a labor and delivery staff member while going to school to become a nurse. While I am working for the Bloom Latch Key, I am furthering my communication skills with children and becoming more sociable with them by helping them with their homework and intera cting with them on the playground.To become a Pediatric Nurse I will need an redundant four to six years of school day and take training classes throughout my career. For example researchers find new diseases every day, so to keep the parents up to date with the proper knowledge nurses take additional classes to learn about the newly founded diseases.Once I become a Pediatric nurse I will be making about 48,000 dollars fee as a starter and work my way up to 68,000 dollars a year. Similar to Shelia, I am working very hard to achieve my finishing in life, to become a Pediatric Nurse. I will do so by continuing my job at the Bloom Latch Key and building social skills with the children. I will also continue to work hard in school and do whatever it takes to become a Pediatric Nurse.Work CitedPersonal Success Stories American Association of Legal Nurse Consultants(AALNC). Personal Success Stories American Association of Legal Nurse Consultants (AALNC). N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2013 .

Gangster culture develop in the USA in the 1920`s to the 1940`s Essay

Why did a gangster nicety develop in the USA in the 1920s to the 1940s ?There were some(prenominal) different occurrenceors that contri barelyed to the develop of a gangster culture and the organise curse in the States. The interesting thing about this is that all(prenominal) told of the factors just happened to appear at once, creating a consummate(a) environment for the birth of a nation-wide, organised wrong power.This criminal power could develop because the vicious increase in foreign immigrants during that time in the States, which is belike the main author. The maffia also could develop in the US because of their really strict discipline, its organisation and hierarchy. Also important for the birth of this gangster culture was the prohibition, the fact that alcohol was illegal and the mafia could produce it and sell it do it rich, but they had indeed otherwise businesses too. The mighty Dons with their huge gangs organised all these businesses and do the phe nomenon mafia in America in the 1920s and 1940s possible.The organised criminal powerFirst of all it need to be said what the mafia is. The give voice maffia means arrogance and presumption in Italian and refuge in Arabic, which refers to the origins of the maffia as a society that fled to the hills of Italy to block attack. It is the word for a group of criminals who are sometimes linked together with a blood oath and who are not allowed to betray their secret.The first time the word maffia was menti championd was in the ninth century in Sicily. To this time the main purpose of the so-called Mafia was it to strengthen themselves against the Arabic and Nor valet forces which invaded their homeland in Sicily. These Arabic and Norman forces oppressed the native Sicilians so that they had to take refuge in the surrounding hills. The intention of the secret society in the hills was it to wake a loyal sense of togetherness between all the native Sicilians and to unite every native a gainst the invaders. They tried to create a sense of family which was hearty organised and had a truehearted hierarchical layout.History of the vicious increase of foreignersThe U.S. Mafia, or the colour Hand as it was kn stimulate in the early period, began to develop in the 1800s in the USA because of the vicious increase in foreign immigrants during that time in America. Three trillion Irish, three and a half million Jews and four million Italians immigrated to America. New York was the certify biggest Italian metropolis after Naples, one quarter of New York more than half a million people were Italian . Although numerous think the Mafia had their roots in New York and Chicago it actually has been traced in 26 major cities in America.The modern immigrants, bewildered by the new land, and its strange language, lived closely together in the Little Italys of New York, Chicago, New Orleans and other cities. The first time the Mafia was mentioned and thusly disc everyplaceed in America was in New Orleans in the 1800s. Police Chief David Hennesy discovered the existence of this growing gangster culture in the heart of the United States of America while he was investigating the murder of an Italian immigrant. One reason why the Mafia was able to establish itself was because they were by far the biggest ethnic group in America and they had strong and violent leaders or rather Dons.Don Vito, Vito Cascio Ferro (1862-1945), was the first Sicilian Capo de Tutti Capi. He is believed to be the one man primarily responsible for establishing the communication between the Sicilian and U.S. Mafia. He had also an important role in 1924 when many Italian Mafia appendages came to the USA to avoid persecution in Sicily because Mussolini was determined to dislodge of the Mafia in Italy. This increased the numbers of members in the organisation and developed the gangster culture in the USA.Discipline and HierarchyDisciplineIt is quite interesting that the Mafia was able to establish itself so fast in America one important reason for this phenomenon was the discipline.First of all every new gangster (member of the family) had to go by dint of a ceremony, this ceremony was often compared to the baptism ceremony. This ceremony was really important for the mobster because at this day he became full member of La Cosa Nostra (our affair). The newcomer was told that the Mafia is a secret society and that there is just one way in and unless one way out of it. You come in on your feet and you go out in a coffin. They were told that they have to kill level their own blood family when the mobster accepted everything he was told of the rules he must abide by.These rules were the heart of the Mafia and one of the closely important reasons why this gangster culture could develop in America. The most important rule in organised crime was the rule called the Omerta. The Omerta is a code of silence. A vow never to interrupt any Mafia secrets or member under t hreat of torture or death. Another rule was the obedience rule. The obedience rule stated that the member must at all times be loyal to the head or Don. A third law of the Mafia was the assistance to any befriended Mafia faction, no questions asked. A few others included, Avenge any attack on members of the family, because an attack on one was an attack on all, and the last rule was to avoid any and all contact with the political science.HierarchyAnother evidence for the strong discipline in the Mafia was the hierarchical layout. The Mafia in America was organised like a parliament which was called the Commission. The Commission handled interfamily disputes and set general policy for La Cosa Nostra. It acted as more of a forum of Family Bosses than a board of directors. At the head of each family stood the Dons or Bosses they were the men with all of the power in the Family. They were giving orders, and the rest of the Family were expected to marry them without question. Next in l ine to the Dons were the Underbosses, who were second in command. He controlled the day-to-day operations of the Family. Followed by the Consigliere or counsellors. The consigliere acts as a counsellor or advisor to the boss.He was directly under the boss in terms of the hierarchy, but he did not normally give orders. Fourth in the line was the so-called Capo. Capo is the short form for capodecina or caporegime and he was the leader of a crew or decina (literally, group of ten) of ten to fifteen soldiers. The Soldiers were the ones who would enforce discipline over both members and non-members through the use of intimidation, assaults, and murder. And last were the men who did the really dirty work for the Mob, the Associates. They were not made guys, they just hang around with the crew. They often are willing to do anything to get made, and therefrom handle a lot of hits.The ProhibitionAnother fact that benefited the developing of he Mafia in the USA in the 1920s and 1930s was the prohibition. Prohibition basically means the legal forbidden production, transport and sale of downpour drinks in the USA between 1920 and 1933. With these laws the Mafia had a thoroughgoing(a) base for its organised crime.The government of England and the American Colonies tried since 1750, almost fruitless, to stop the excessive wasting disease of alcohol. In the twenties of the 19th century the honest alcohol consumption of pure alcohol per person was about twenty seven litres per year.The government saw a strong link between the alcohol consumption on the one hand and the rapidly growing criminality, poverty ,brutal force and the developing of great gangster culture on the other hand.They therefore have seen the necessity for an alcohol prohibition. The first prohibition law was passed in 1851 in the state Main and prohibited the production and the sale of alcohol miss for medical or technical purposes. With this law all alcoholic drinks with more than 0,5 percent alcohol were forbidden. Thirteen of the thirty-one states introduced similar laws around 1850. However, the means of conjunction and states for the effective enforcement were completely inadequate to the Prohibition.Follow of the national prohibition was that the Mafia made this prohibition useful to itself, they built black distillery in great extent to produce the alcohol, they smuggled it, they sold illegal through so-called bootleggers, they also sold it into Speakeasies (camouflaged Saloons) and they bribed the police the follow of all these illegal wheelings and dealings were a rapid increase of organised crime all over the USA .To this time the developing of the American Mafia was on its peak. It was expanding like never beforehand in the United States. The fact that a thing so many people wanted to have was illegal and easy to produce was almost perfect for the organised crime and the Mafia.War of the womenBut in 1873 the spectacular war of the women broke out everywhere in the Un ited States. They were protesting against the Saloons which were the places of the greatest alcohol consumption and in 1900 the woman found the Anti-Saloon-League of America (ASL) that performed great political enamor in the following time. Until 1916 23 of the 48 states issued Anti-Saloon Laws for the closing of the Saloons and for the prohibition of the production of alcoholic drinks. These laws were not a disaster for the gangster culture but they already lost some money in their bootlegging business.In the initial sort of the world economy crisis the prohibition opponents argued convincing, that that the prohibition disabled the increase of jobs and the income of tax revenuees it also added the stagnation of the economy. In December 1933 the US congress with great majority dispatch the 21st condition addition, with which the 18th addition, the Prohibition, was cancelled. The control of the alcohol consumption rested now on the individual states. Until 1966 every state had ca ncelled their prohibition laws.That was acrimonious for the Mafia and the Dons, because they lost one of their most important businesses and had to look for other ways to make good money.Other BusinessesThe Bootlegging business was not the only illegal business in which the Mafia was involved in. Another fact why the Mafia was so successful in organised crime was because they were so flexible and had many other businesses.One of them was the Extortion of protection money which was already done in Sicily in the 1700s. Pictures of a black hand (which was the sign for the Mafia in Sicily) were distributed to the wealthy. This was an unspoken request for an amount of money in return for protection. If the money wasnt paid, the recipients could expect violence such as kidnappings, bombings, and murder. The methods did not reposition in the USA when the extorted business did not accept the assimilation to the family it had to fear terror. In cities were the Mafia was really present whol e areas were extorted and did what the Don wanted them to do. The Black Hand fear became such a problem that a special Italian branch of the police had to be formed, this was essential as the immigrants did not depone the Irish/American law force, and the police had no understanding of Italian customs or behaviour.A whole net of organised crime was over the towns were the Mafia was, they controlled the illegal business like bootlegging, extortion, machine gambling, bookmaking, loan sharking, labour racketeering and kidnapping but also legal businesses like food production,they own restaurants, they controlled the garbage disposal as well as the garment manufacturing, bars and taverns and Labour unions as well.The DonsThe Dons owned the cities with there businesses, they controlled everything that happened in their towns and ran the city in whatever way they felt. They and their gangs had a great part that the Mafia could develop in the US.The strongest and therefore likely the mos t famous individuals in the write up of the American Mafia were Vito Cascio Ferro (Don Vito), Charlie Luciano ( palmy Luciano), Joseph Bonano (Joey Bananas, Alphonse Capone (to his friends Snorky, among some members of the press Scarface). These handsome individuals were so powerful and influencing that they had a great part why the Mafia could establish itself in America in the 1920s to the 1940s.Vito Cascio Ferro (1862- 1945)Vito Cascio Ferro was responsible for the establishing the communication between the Sicilian and U.S. Mafia. Cascio Ferro came to New York in 1900, he already had completed himself in Sicily where he commited kidnapping, extortion, arson, and threatening officials.Ferros activities in the U.S. are not clear, but he killed at least one man. This man, called Benedetto Madonia, had been trying to establish a counterfeiting ring in Don Vitos territory without permission or authority of Don Vito. He was killed really brutally,he was cut in pieces and put into a barrel with his penis and testicles in his mouth. This showed how wild the Mafia was already in its early stages, as well as that the police could not really stop the uprising criminal society in the U.S. in the 1920- 1940s.Don Vito fled to New Orleans before the police could ask him one question ,he spent time organising his own counterfeiting ring along with establishing a connection for heroin smuggling with Sicily. Again nobody could stop the establishment of Don Vito. Everything seemed to be alright till surrogate Joseph Petrosino(police officer), could give evidence for Vitos illegal activities. These evidence forced him to return to Sicily where he quickly established himself as head of all Mafiosi. Again everything seemed to be alright till Lieutenant Petrosino once again appeared in his life. He came to sicily in 1909 to prove the connection between the U.S. and Sicilian mobs and hopefully to have some criminals extradited back to the U.S., including Cascio Ferro, but Pet rosino currently was murdered in Sicily probably by Vito himself and two other gunmen. This story was never proved by evidence.After the killing of Lieutenant Petrosino Don Vito became even more popular in both the Sicilian and U.S. underworlds this fact helped him to establish himself as a well respected businessman in Palermo. For a sure time everything worked well, Vito even began to send Mafiosi to the U.S. to help build a criminal empire there.In 1921 Benito Mussolini came to power, one of his major aims were to destroy the strong Mafia organisation, Vito had established. Vito who had seen this climax had sent Salvatore Maranzano to the States to take over the crime empire there and to establish the Mafia in America even more. He actually planned to follow Marranzano and take over leadership himself but he never got the chance, because he was arrested in 1929. Vito Cascio Ferro was sentenced to life imprisonment. Vito Cascio Ferro established the Mafia in America, he also ma de sure that this criminal society had a future in the USA when he sent more Mafiosi to the States.Charlie Luciano (1896 1962)Charlie Luciano was born in Lercara Friddi, Sicily, on 11th November, 1896. His family move to the United States in 1906 and they settled in New York. He began his criminal career by selling drugs when he was really young. In 1915 he was arrested in the possession of several kilos of heroin. When he came out of prison he again chose the criminal career. In 1920 he became a member of a Mafia gang, which had allready established itself in America. By 1925 Luciano criminal career was going really well, he became the Dons second hand, he directed bootlegging, prostitution and drug distribution. In 1929 a gang war broke out between Lucianos Don and Salvatore Maranzano.During this gang war Luciano was kidnapped by Maranzanos men and was stabbed with an ice pick. His attackers position he was dead and therefore left him. But he miraculously survived and was known from now on as comfortable Luciano. In April 1931, Luciano, Albert Anastasia and Bugsy Siegel, were involved in the murder of their Don, Joe Masseria. They now controlled the Mob Masseria had left and the business as well, so they therefore controlled one of the strongest Mafia gangs to this time. This was not enough power for Luciano, six months posterior he arranged the killing of Salvatore Maranzano with the help of Meyer Lansky. Luciano was now the most important criminal boss in New York and one reason why the Mafia could establish itself in the USA in the 1920s 1940s.But this was still not enough power for him and he therefore joined with Louis Lepke Buchalter, Abe Reles and Albert Anastasia to form capital punishment Incorporated which was an organisation that carried out executions for money.This again showed how strong the Mafia already was, they found a killing organisation under the eyes of the American law. Everything went well for the American Mafia and Lucky Lucia no till 1936 when he was sentenced for a life in prison for 30 years. But once again the Mafia in the US showed its strength, Luciano could continue controlling his criminal empire from prison.In February, 1946, he was deported to Italy where he lived for a short time, but in 1947 he went to Cuba to control his criminal activities in the USA. The US were able to get rid of his activities when they sent him back to Italy again. He died of a heart attack in Naples on 26th January, 1962. Lucky Luciano was really important for the rise of the American Mafia because he unlike Maranzano, who tried to impose himself as the Emperor in an organisation modelled after the roman type Empire, Luciano organised a decentralised structure in which the major crime families divided up territories and spheres of activities and met, when necessary, to mediate differences between the various families. This served to prevent the all-out wars that had wracked the Mafia in the 1930s while allowing organise d crime to grow even richer and more entrenched in the United States of America. Charlie Luciano gained a lot of power when he killed two of the most powerful Dons in the USA, he also stopped the gang wars and reorganised the establishment how the Mafia worked.Joseph Bonanno (1905 2002)Joseph Bonanno became the boss of one of the most prominent crime families in the world, the Bonanno crime family. He began his career with extorting money from businesses and little crimes. In 1927 Salvatore Maranzano, who had been sent over by Don Vito Cascio Ferro, the Italian man who dreamed of Mafia control overseas, had arrived to meet up with Bonanno and others to bring the American Mafia under Don Vitos control. Maranzano began a fight with the man who, until then, led Mafia activities in New York Joe The Boss Masseria. The war between them became known as the Castellemarese War.Several young Mafiosis were involved in this war, Lucky Luciano, Bugsy Siegel, Meyer Lansky and indeed Joseph Bona no, known as the young generation of mobsters. Lucky Luciano, Joe Bonanno and others were tired of the bloodshed, and fearful that all of this violence would draw too much attention from the authorities on their interests, set up a meeting which led to the creation of the crime Commission, and hits on Masseria, and Maranzano, marking the end of the era of the Mustache Petes. The Commission consisted of louvre Mafia families, and the Bonanno Mafia family was one of them. Bonanno took over what used to be mainly Maranzanos faction.This Commision was really important for the uprising of the Mafia because it made sure thet the families would not fight against each other.Bonanno did not like violent conflicts, he therefore ruled his family with fairness, and in addition to his to gambling and other rackets, focused his attention on more legitimate ventures such as the clothing industry, and funeral businesses. Bonanno established himself on the West Coast, particularly California, and A rizona, and other countries such as Cuba, and Canada which again shows the great influence of Bonanno and the American Mafia to this time.Joseph Bonanno was never convicted of a serious crime. He was once fined $450 and was jailed for terms of 8 and 14 months for contempt of court for refusing to answer questions but he never had been to prison any longer then 14 months. He was really important for the uprising Mafia society because he got rid of the old generation mobster, he also set up the Commision to calm the gang wars down and took over a great crime empire of Salvatore Moranzano, which made him one of the most powerful Dons of the Mafia history.Alphonse Capone (1899 1947)Al Capone, how he was also called, is probably the most famous Mafia Boss in the history of the American Mafia. He was born in New York and was the fourth oldest of nine children. He was known as a brutal Neapolitan mobster from the younger generation, who became a powerful force in the Sicilian-American Maf ia and is therefore important for the question why the Mafia could rise in America. He is probably so well known because he was as an organisational and motivational genius who served as one of the architects of the nation-wide criminal Syndicate.Al Capones philosophy was that laws only use to people who had enough money to live by them. He grew up in the slums of Brooklyn & received the nickname Scarface as the result of a knife wound. He was a fearsome enforcer for Five Points leader Johnny Torrio.Johnny Torrio stablished himself in Chicagos Colosimo gang Capone quickly rose to the top of the Colosimo crime empire, which thanks to Torrio and Capone, included bootleg liquor among its enterprises. Capones real time came after Torrio narrowly escaped death on Jan. 24, 1925 and left the whole gang with all its businesses to Capone.Capone organised the syndicate with a plan to make crime in Chicago and throughout the United States run like a business monopoly. through with(predicate) violence Capone became king of the Chicago underworld, The Master Criminal. With his methods he established a $110-million-a-year empire out of bootleg liquor, gambling, prostitution & labor rackets. The police tried several times to imprison him but too many businesses were tied to legal ones and too many officials, politicians and policeman were bribed by Capone.After a series of wars against other Mafia gangs a new national Syndicate was set up which was another step to establish the American Mafia even more. But he could enjoy the new underworld just for about a month. At the end of October in 1931 he was sentenced to 11 years in prison for tax evasion. He already suffered from syphilis and in jail it was getting worse . He managed to leave prison and was never again involved in underworld affairs. He died in 1947 as maybe the greatest Mafia Boss the world has ever seen. His ability to co-ordinate, managing and motivate people made him one of the most powerful Mafia individuals and he had a great deal why the Mafia could establish itself in America.The Mafia in the 1920s 1940s was so powerful that the Dons and their gangs could do what ever they wanted to do. It is questionable if the individuals of the Mafia were just more powerful and the circumstances too perfect for the yield of the Mafia, or if the Police and the politicians in America were just too weak. What I can say for sure is that throughout history the Mafia was probably the system which was better organised than every government and more powerful than every other gangster culture this world has ever seen because many things that came together by chance which made America a perfect ground for the growth of a gangster culture.One of the most important reasons was the vicious increase in foreign immigrants during that time in America, it flooded some of the most mighty Dons in American history to the USA and gave these Dons the Mob they needed. Another thing was that these Dons were able to kee p a really strict discipline, organisation and hierarchy. Also important for the birth of this gangster culture was the prohibition, the fact that alcohol was illegal and the Mafia could produce it and sell it made it rich, but they had indeed other businesses too. The mighty Dons with their great gangs organised all these businesses and made the phenomenon Mafia in America in the 1920s and 1940s possible.BibliographyAlbini, JosephThe American Mafia Genesis of a Legend /Appleton-Century-Crofts (1971)Arlacchi, PinoMen of Dishonour at heart the Sicilian Mafia /William Morrow & Company, Inc. (1992)Catania, EnzoMAFIA /St. Martins Press (1978)Foreman, LauraTrue abomination Mafia /Time-Life Books (1993)Reid, EdThe Grim Reapers The Anatomy of Organised Crime in America /Henry Regnery Company (1969)Repetto, ThomasAmerican Mafia A History of its Rise to Power /Henry Holt and Company (2004)Short, MartinCrime Inc. The Story of Organised Crime /Arrow Books Ltd. (1997)Sondern, FrederickBrother hood of Evil The Mafia /Farrar, Straus and Cudahy (1959)Sterling, ClaireOctopus The Long Reach of the International Sicilian Mafia /W.W. Norton & Company, (1990)Chambliss, William Eine kriminelle Vereinigung. Politik und Verbrechen in den USA (1978)WebsitesA picture History Of The Mafia http//www.pressanykey.com/mafia/history.htmlAl Capone http//www.tincat.demon.co.uk/alcapone.htmCharles Luciano http//www.gambino.com/bio/charlesluciano.htmHow The Mafia Started http//www.geocities.com/capitolhill/lobby/9880/started.html

Temperature (Celsius and Fahrenheit)

is equal to . Similarly, is equal to .Therefore, conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit Formula support be written as F = mC + aSince at the value is , therefore a = 32. and212 = m100+32 m = 180/100 = 9/5Therefore, formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit isF = (C x 9/5) + 32Rearranging F and C give formula to convert Fahrenheit to CelsiusC = (F 32) x 5/9Both comparisons are useful for conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit and Fahrenheit to Celsius. If we live the value of temperature in full stop Fahrenheit and want to calculate value in degree Celsius than equation C = (F 32) x 5/9 can be used. Similarly, if we know the value of temperature in degree Celsius and want to calculate value in degree Fahrenheit than equation C = (F 32) x 5/9 can be used F = (C x 9/5) + 32.The city picked for finding its understand high temperature and record humbled temperature is London. The record high temperature ((June, July and August)) and record low temperature (December) is given below in de gree Celsius.Record High Temperature 32Record Low Temperature -17Converting, record high temperature and record low temperature from degree Celsius to degree Fahrenheit.Record High Temperature F = (C x 9/5) + 32 = (32 x 9/5) + 32 = 89.6Record Low Temperature F = (C x 9/5) + 32 = (-17 x 9/5) + 32 = 1.4Referencehttp//www.fordhamprep.org/gcurran/sho/sho/lessons/lesson29.htm Accessed on November 22, 2007http//www.myforecast.com/bin/climate.m?city=60876&metric=true Accessed on November 22, 2007

Billabong Analysis

Billabong International check is an Australian base clothing companion that established its melody in 1980s and expanded internationally through its franchises and acquisitions. The tune is engaged in the merchandise, distri stillion, wholesaling and retailing of app atomic invite sense 18l, eyewear, accessories, wetsuits and hard reasoneds in the boardsports sector under the Billabong, Element, Von Zipper, Honolua Surf, Kustom, Palmers Surf, Xcel, Tigerlily, Sector 9 and RVCA brands (Billabongbiz, 2013). The community is headquartered in Queensland, Australia with 6,000 employees and they employ across many countries such as Australia, North the States, Europe, Japan and the rest ofthe world.Billabong has emerged a number of sports and youth labels such as RVCA, and Surjection (Billabongbiz, 2013). They continue to expand their brand image by sponsoring promotional events and some of the athletes. The rival brands of Billabong be hydrargyrum and Rip Curl as these compani es are iconic surf brands. In order to perform Billabong International Limited effectively, the board of directors are structured into six non-executive directors, both executive directors and the chairman who are responsible for the shareholders of Billabong. However, due to recent recession, the newly CEO, Launa Inman, has been appointed.2 monetary AnalysisThe profitability exercise of Billabong International Limited is non effective as it is -45.71% in Q2, 2013 (Google Finance, 2013). Similarly, net profit margin of the company is -50.72% which represents the profit after subtracting the indirect expenses. Overall profit performance is showing a negative feature and the firm shake up experienced shrinking sales and rising debts. However, with respect to gross profit margin, it shows a positive figure as it amounts to 50.21% in Q2, 2013.This shows that the profitability after accounting for the cost of goods sold is good and spiritedly effective for the company, but the negative net profit implies that the indirect expenses of the company are importantly higher. The plans of the company are to focus on its core brands in the next four years, cut styles by 15% and achieve improvement in its supply chain for both the wholesale and retail operations2.1 credit and evaluation of Billabongs global dodgingThe market placeing mix helps a business to determine its sales and eventually determine the success or failure of a business. For this reason, it is the most essential segment of business when ascertain a marketing plan. Billabong International Limited makes broad use of the marketing mix in their marketing plan.Billabong International Limited has diversified their crossroad range non onlyrelated to surfing. Their positioning strategy is a high quality, high priced, fashionable product. Billabong gains customer satisfaction by rack upering quality products that is not vulnerable or ruined easily despite the harsh conditions of many of their pr oducts intended uses, such as swimmers, skis and snowboards. Billabong has been successful in making brand images by appealing as an internationally known for professional person surfing, and through its wave logo and sponsorship of international events.By doing this, it has not only gained international markets, however it has also pay back a prestige and status symbol for its target market. The product and positioning of Billabongs products is the most important element in its marketing mix as it ensures the long term survival of the company and continued high sales. By meeting customer demand, positioning itself as a well-known and trusted brand with a vast amount of prestige it has ensured that sales remain high.2.1.2 PromotionBillabong uses a strong promotion mix to cozy up and reinforce its image and product. A combination of an interactive website, promotional magazines and flyers, personal in store interchange and strong public relations through both sponsorship of sporti ng events and famous athlete using Billabong products abide generated a strong brand images amongst its industry. Billabongs sponsorship of international sporting events and sporting stars also helps to promote their brand not only in Australia but also on the international market as well.2.1.3 PriceBillabong uses a competition-based determine method in which it sets its prices at a similar level to those of its competitors to ensure that their customers go forth not longing to buy the cheaper products. However, Billabong is awkwardly positioned between Rip Curl and Quicksilver. Especially wetsuits and womens jeans are higher than Quicksilvers. They rarely use below market value pricing to avoid creating a image of little prestigious products.Surf brands Average price comparison(Source EDITD, 2013)2.1.4 PlaceBillabong uses various methods to ensure that their product reaches the market place. With stores in more than coke countries Billabong uses wholesalers to ensure that th eir products reach the retailers. Billabongs positioning also comes into effect with place as it must ensure that its product remains out of discount and department stores and remains only in specialty stores. Because of this Billabong has adopted an easy lay distribution network where the product is only available in specialty surf shops.2.2 SWOT AnalysisA business can implement a SWOT analysis to decide which marketing strategy to apply.2.3 Current taper MarketBillabong is a brand which offers various types of products designed to accommodate various lifestyles. Their extensive product ranges are for surfers, boarders, border lovers, and the sensible fashion people. Even though it is difficult to identify comprehensive characteristics of this industry, the major(ip)ity of consumers are males and females who are aged between 14 and 29. (Goldcoast, 2013)According to Australian Business Solution (2011), there are an increasing number of casual dress codes at Australian workplace s and social gatherings which has led to a high demand for affordable and modern look at workplaces. Billabongs new casual-line is aiming to meet such demand and targeting office workers.Due to Billabongs sports image, it has been entrenched in consumers mind especially among teenagers and youths. When these consumers grow older, they will be pleased to see Billabong to leave alone expanded casual-line offering to meet their new needs. The new product line is a modern, up-scale look but also inexpensive casual dress codes at workplaces. Therefore, it will better resonate with age concourse 25 to 39 years old who have built careers and gained stronger buying power.2.4 Reasons for Billabongs international expansionAustralia has micro population compare to other regions that place significant restrictions on its total sales revenue and Billabongs future objectives. Billabongs expansion helped to boost their total sales revenue by over 70% in 2003-04. Increase in sales has also al lowed the firm to lower its production cost by achieving economies of scale and lower risks. In 2003, Billabong adapted video conference technology in order to make the communication and exchange of ideas across the world for its overseas offices easier.Furthermore, by working in more than blow countries obtained cushion impacts of the entry of a new competitor and economic cycle into any of their industries. Global expansion supported the extension product life cycle for numerous products and easier access to resources and technology.3. Identification and evaluation of the outside environmentTo better understand Billabongs global expansion strategy, both Porters Five Forces and a PESTEL analysis will be undertaken.3.1 Porters Five Forces3.1.1 The CompetitionSince 1970s, there was a significant rising popularity of the beach and surfing, and then three major companies (Billabong, Quicksilver and Rip Curl) have pay back a symbolic of surfing. These brands manage to establish stro ng believability within surfing subculture and it was also equally consumable by non-surfers who identified with the lifestyle. In the 1990s and 2000s, Billabong started to sharp pursue international expansion by emerging sports and youth labels such as RVCA and Nixon watches to gain market share. However, in 2012, there was a significant loss of $287m. (Billabongbiz, 2013)3.1.2 New EntrantsThere is still room for a new entrant as the global demand for surfing apparel is expected to remain strong. For instance, Hollister Abercrombie & Fitch started off with a local manufacture that successfully moved into surfing clothes and retailing. Moreover, smaller brands kindred Byron call for label, Afends has dramatically grown in the last decades by selling itsproducts through independent and online stores. Afrends gained reputations among young surfers and skaters from Australia and California.3.1.3 Suppliers PowerAs Billabong has become an internationally well-known brand, they outsour ce its manufacturing by using small to mid-sized companies in order to keep economies of scale. Billabong uses Hong Kong as the central sourcing division to allow most of its products to Australia and New Zealand. These suppliers have no bargaining powers.3.1.4 Consumers PowerDue to the size of Australia population, consumers actually have not enough bargaining power. However, to the global extent, consumers are likely to find other tailors which would provide products that would be cheaper than existing ones.3.1.5 Product SubstitutesAccording to the Urban Market Research (UMR) survey, findings indicate that Nike (13%) has overtaken the lead from Billabong (10%) as the trounce choice for Australias youth. Other rival brands such as Quicksilver and Rip Curl have also expanded their popularity. Young females prefer disposable fashion with affordable price such retailers like Cotton on and Supre. Country Road and Colorado would be other substitutes for Billabong, but it has several (predicate) quality and style compare to Billabong.3.2 Industry Analysis3.3 PESTEL Analysis3.3.1 Political factorsBenefit from the worldwide trade barriers which allowed exportation procedures much easier for Billabong International Limited to other regions. The rate of import duty decreased from 17.5% in 2005 to 10% in 2010 as the Australian governments maintained tariff barriers for protecting the domestic clothing and manufacturing industry. (Wellers, S., 2007) The announcement of bilateral trade agreements by demesne Trade Orgainisation(WTO) has affected Billabong International Limited. Since 2005, all Australian businesses required to produce their financial reports to International Financial Reporting Standards. Hence, it makes easier for Australian accounting standards into global practices and cost of implementation was significant.3.3.2 Economic factorsThe growing popularity of surfing and skate has been impacted by improvement in standard of living and the consumer s pending power. As Billabong Internationals products are distributed in more than 100 countries and the majority of the revenue is generated by other regions, the firm is continually influenced by fluctuations in currency. Every each year, value of earnings has shown loss when it was reported in Australian dollars. From the global point of view, Billabongs global expansion was encouraged by its high incomes from Asia and South America that enabled to create new markets.3.3.3 Social factorsBillabongs brand awareness has been influenced by the growing popularity of surfing and skate among the broader community. Identifying customer tastes were depends on various types of traditions and cultures. For instance, U.S preferred bright colours products while Australia preferred faded and stick out beaten colours. Complications in writing contracts with different languages have encouraged the firms ability to operate in global markets. errors on contracts could lead to future conflicts. D ifference in oragnisational culture and practices on different regions are their major concerns. For instance, Australia has relaxed working environment while U.S and Japan are more intense. Further, European countries are imposed on limiting working hours by governments.3.3.4 Technological factorsCable television and internet has attracted millions of new customers in surfing and skateboarding which helped Billabongs products market towards a wider customer base. E-commerce has simplified the logistical and oragnisational difficulties when operating a global business.3.3.5 Environmental factorsConsumers pay more attention on environmentally friendly products source of materials, where materials are sourced, and whether production processes have negative impacts on the environment.3.3.6 Legal factorBillabong ensures to protect intellectual property rights issues such as brand logo, names and trademarks from unauthorised piracy.

Alternative Fuel Vehicles Feasibility Study Essay

As a leader in the term of a contract fomite industry for the past 30 grades, first principle Rental Cars has continually remained a step ahead of its competition. To continue to set the pace for other rental agencies to follow, and to ensure ABC Rental Cars dominant position in the martplace, resource burn fomites (AFV), or to a greater extent than(prenominal) specifically, interbreeding fomites, should be evaluated as to the feasibility and consumer interest of introducing these types of vehicles into our evanesce. Currently, natural gas equipment casualtys atomic number 18 at an all- clock high.The fall in States dependency on foreign oil is excessively at an extremely high level, and with the ever-shifting Middle Eastern political temper teetering at volatile levels, intercrossed vehicles argon an important avenue to be considered. While crossbreed simple machine sales before long lag behind sales of conventional vehicles, J. D. Power & Associates, a market loo k for firm, estimates that hybridizationizing vehicle sales provide increase to half a million by the year 2006. In addition, nearly 20 new models of hybrid cars, SUVs, and trucks will be rolled out(p) to consumers in the next few days (Mossy Automotive Group, 2004).ABC Rentals chiffonier reap the rewards of providing these vehicles to its consumers, provided the monetary value associated with this program is reciprocally beneficial to both parties. Initially, the types of fuels that are available need to be researched to determine the viability of introducing hybrid vehicles into our fleet. While on that point are several options of alternative fuels available, most are not practical. The fuels analyzed included natural gas, biodiesel, electricity, ethanol, Fischer Tropsch, liquefied natural gas, methanol, and propane.Ultimately, the research concluded that the further practical, economical, and accessible fuel currently available is electricity, when used in the hybrid apprehension. There are many vehicles that use electricity. The most popular concept is used in hybrid vehicles. These vehicles have an electric motor, with a separate accelerator motor. One of the benefits is fuel economy. According to an EPA report, hybrids lavatory more than double the gas mileage of conventional gasoline or diesel- ply cars. Also, this use of energy reduces emissions because gasoline consumption is reduced.Next, the gasoline motor charges the battery as the car is running, nullifying the need for recharging stations. Ultimately, the most practical fuel that evoke be considered at this time is electricity combined with gasoline, which is used in hybrid vehicles. (EPA, 2003) As a means to gauge consumer interest in these types of vehicles, we also needed to research our competitors to distinguish if hybrid vehicles would be a practical addition to our fleet. Currently, EV Rental Cars is the only company in the United States to rent hybrid cars to the public.At this time, there are a total of eight locations with hybrid vehicles quaternary locations in California Los Angeles, Burbank, Ontario and San Diego, one location in Phoenix, Arizona, two locations in Virginia Dulles and Arlington, and one in upper-case letter D. C. With all of the locations above in mind, EV Rental Cars has grown in fleet size of it to more than 400 cars throughout the eight different locations (www. evrental. com, 2001). One of the vehicles available to rent at EV Rentals is the Toyota Prius, which is a full size family sedan.This vehicle rents for $49. 99 per day, or $299. 94 per week, and EV Rentals offers 150 sluttish miles per day and . 25/mile thereafter (www. evrental. com, 2001). The Prius achieves 60 mpg in the city and 51 mpg on the route (autos. yahoo. com, 2004). Comparatively, Honda has introduced the Honda acumen, which in the rental vehicle industry is considered to be a standard size car, and the Honda Civic hybrid, which is considered to be a compact car.These two cars are offered by EV Rentals at a similar expense to the Toyota Prius (www. evrental.com, 2001). The Honda Insight achieves an EPA highway mileage of 66 mpg and 60 mpg in the city, while the Honda Civic hybrid can travel 650 miles with a full tank of gas (www. honda. com, 2004). As indicated above, these three cars are not only great when it comes to mileage, but another advantage they enjoy is that they are also environmentally friendly. For example, the Prius produces 90 percentage less harmful emissions than a traditional car (www. ineed2know. org, 2004), which is important to those individuals that are concerned almost the environment. flush President Bush seemed to agree that alternative fuel vehicles needed to be further investigated when he endorsed the concept of alternative fuel vehicles and allocated more than a billion dollars toward the transition to heat content fuels (www. evrental. com, 2001). On the other hand, these types of cars are not a practical investment if greet and availability are issues. Not only is the price higher, but due to limited interest in hybrids by consumers at this time, there is only a small geographic area where hybrids are being rented.Most locations are situated in California, Arizona, and capital letter therefore, if ABC Rental Cars is looking for a new rental opportunity that could expand quickly, hybrid vehicles whitethorn not be the ideal choice. Initial startup costs and maintenance costs are also important detailors to consider. The price of a hybrid automobile is higher than that of a comparable gasoline locomotive engine powered automobile. According to the Website ineed2know. org, a consumer can expect to pay from $3,500 to $6,000 more for a hybrid vehicle. The money a consumer saves in acquire a hybrid depends greatly on the cost of gasoline.For example, if gas is priced at $1. 80 per gallon, it might take the average driver between 10 and 15 years to nettle up a $3,500 incr ease in the initial price. The higher the gas prices go, the less time it will take to recoup the higher price of purchasing a hybrid (ineed2know. org, 2004). However, statistics detailing the amount of time needed to recoup initial investment costs for businesses were not available at this time. Batteries for hybrid vehicles cost considerably more than conventional car batteries. Hybrid batteries sport a price tag of $1,000 $2,000, more than 10 ? 20 times that of a gasoline powered vehicle (ineed2know.org, 2004).While most hybrid batteries are covered under the vehicle warranty, once the warranty expires it will be the owners responsibility to cover the cost of a new battery. Below are some specific price examples of hybrids that are currently on the market The Toyota Prius has a suggested retail price of $21, 708, which is comparable to the Corolla that retails at $15, 580. The hybrid Honda Civic cost $20, 650. Thats about $2,300 more than the Honda Civic with a gasoline powered engine. (Phelan, 2004) Eartheasy. com lists the Honda Insight with a base retail price of $19,080 to $21,280.(2004) The Pontiac Website (2004) lists the comparable Vibe at $17, 165. The hybridization Website (2004) boasts the hybrid 2005 hybridisation Escape, available in August 2004, which will have a retail price of $26,970 for the front-wheel drive SUV. The four-wheel drive hybrid SUV will retail at $28,595. Comparable Ford Escapes with gasoline powered engines retail for $19,995 and $21, 605 respectively.Renewable energy has become the focus of many markets in todays society. From solar panels to hybrid vehicles, Americans are interested in purchasing these types of technologies, but need financial help from the government in the take form of tax attribute and rebates. Hybrid vehicles are costly to manufacture, and automakers pass on this higher cost to consumers in the form of higher retail prices of the vehicle.To help offset these higher prices, automakers are encouragi ng the national government to provide tax assurances to those consumers who purchase hybrid vehicles. The fountain for this push is there is currently no alternative technology planned for the future. In a speech given to the Automotive tidings World Congress, Ford Motor Companys CEO William Ford stated Hybrid vehicles are a very good bridge between todays technology and fuel cells. burn cells ? as promising as they are ? come with a tremendous infrastructure challenge. We do not have hydrogen on every corner like we do gasoline, and we also have repositing issues. With hybrids, we do not have to invent anything ? we know they work. (Kiley, 2004) To date, there are two types of tax credits available to those who purchase alternative fuel vehicles ? If you purchase a certain type of electric vehicle, you whitethorn be entitled to a tax credit. ?If a vehicle qualifies as a clean-fuel vehicle, you may be entitled to a deduction from gross income.Currently, any clean-fuel vehicles that are manufactured after June 30, 1993 and before January 1, 2007, qualifies the owner for a deduction off of their gross income for a portion of the cost of the vehicle. Examples of these vehicles are natural gas, hydrogen and any fuel that is composed of at least 85% ethanol, alcohol or ether. Electric vehicles win a 10% tax credit, based on the purchase price. The maximum dollar amount cannot lead $4,000. These credits will be phased out gradually ? 25, 50 and 75 percent in 2004, 2005, and 2006 respectively, until it is phased out completely in 2007 (www. taxguide. completeax. com, 2004).These tax credits are targeted to the individual consumer, and not for rental vehicles. With the price of gasoline currently hovering around $2. 20 per gallon, the hybrid vehicle appears to be an attractive alternative. However, without a tax credit geared towards the business market, it is not a feasible option. Unfortunately, even with a tax credit, it would take years for the population to change their driving habits. To summarize, marketing alternative fuel vehicles to the consumer can be challenging, and most consumers are not aware of the types or manufacturers of these vehicles.If people are knowledgeable at all about alternative fuel environmental friendly vehicles, they may not be certain of where they can purchase or rent one of them. Purchasing an environmentally friendly vehicle is getting easier to do, with more car manufacturers leap on the bandwagon. Honda and Toyota have led the way with hybrid vehicles, and Ford has also been in the market with its Ford Crown Victoria natural gas vehicles, with upcoming plans to debut their 2005 Ford Escape hybrid in August 2004. Pontiac is also throwing their hat into the ring with their new hybrid vehicle, the Vibe.Most consumers that are in the market for alternative fuel vehicles are looking at the new hybrids, which use both a gang of electricity and gasoline and can achieve 50 to 60 miles per gallon. The batte ries on these vehicles automatically recharge themselves hence the vehicles never are required to be plugged in. Renting an alternative fuel vehicle can be more challenging than purchasing one, since at this time there is only one operable rental agency EV Rental Cars, who has partnered with Budget Rent a Car, a major fake in the rental car industry.If a person lives in, or is visiting California, Arizona or Washington D. C. , they can rent one of these vehicles at one of the major airports. The cost is $10 to $20 dollars more per day than letting regular gasoline powered vehicles. Most can be rented or taciturn on the Internet, but some alternative fuel vehicles cannot. Consumers must request these in person at rental locations. There are a small amount of benefits for the consumer. For example, drivers can travel in the carpool driveway even if they are driving alone in California, Arizona, Virginia and Georgia, thereby saving time.Additionally, when returning traditional rent al vehicles, a renter is usually required to return the vehicle with the same amount of gas as was in the vehicle when first rented. Conversely, alternative fuel vehicles can be returned empty, incurring no surplus surcharge. As far as refueling these vehicles, charging electric vehicles is free at the rental car recharging stations. Also, hybrid vehicles are more economical because they get more than 60 miles per gallon.Looking at the limited benefits, the boilers suit cost and lack of convenience of purchasing or renting one of these alternative fuel vehicles, and the fact that there is limited availability, does not make it very appealing to the consumer. To investigate a hybrid vehicle consumers point of view concerning these types of vehicles, we conducted an interview with Dr. Mark measuring worm, a hybrid car enthusiast who operates the website altfuels. org. Dr. Looper holds an MS and PhD in physics from the California Institute of Technology, and an AB in physics from Pr inceton University.He has owned alternative fuel vehicles since 1993, and rents hybrid vehicles from the local EV Rental agency in his area. His website offers reviews of these rental vehicles, as well as real-life experiences of Dr. Loopers travels utilizing alternative fuel vehicles. Dr. Loopers primary reason for renting AFVs is to provide information about alternative vehicles to the general public in the form of his reviews, as well as to foster and gain support for these vehicles with his friends, colleagues, and anyone interested enough to learn about alternatives to gasoline powered vehicles.While Dr. Loopers rental charges exceeded the cost of gasoline powered vehicles, he stressed that cost was not much of a factor in his finality. Instead, Dr. Looper was far more interested in providing useful information to the visitors of his website. One of the questions asked of Dr. Looper was his comfort level while renting AFVs. Specifically, did he feel nervous that alternative fuel may not be available, or that the vehicle would not handle as well as a traditional vehicle, two concerns of traditional vehicle owners.His reply was that while he was initially nervous when he decided to drive the vehicle crossways the country, he has never felt nervous while driving in his area. Fuel was always available, as were charging sources. Dr. Looper has stated that he would continue to rent alternative fuel vehicles, to not only promote AFVs by enhancing market demand and visibility, but to also provide important feedback to consumers considering purchasing or renting these vehicles. Dr. Looper also feels very strongly about environmental issues, and considers this when making a decision of which vehicle to rent.If an alternative fuel vehicle is available, he will always choose this path, as contend to the traditional vehicle. In conclusion, our research reveals that ABC Rental Cars should not consider introducing alternative fuel vehicles into its fleet at this ti me. The initial investment costs are much higher than those of traditional gasoline powered vehicles, and costs associated with the upkeep of these vehicles are also prohibitive. In addition, while tax breaks are available to consumers purchasing hybrid vehicles, our studies failed to reveal any tax savings for businesses purchasing, or renting hybrid vehicles.Furthermore, Dr. Loopers enthusiasm and knowledge notwithstanding, the demand for hybrid vehicles is not currently at a level that would shrive the amount of capital necessary to launch this program. However, ABC Rental Cars should continue to monitor developments in the hybrid vehicle industry, as well as gauge consumer interest in these vehicles, and be prepared to mint forward with this program should it become economically feasible in the future.References Eartheasy. com (2000 2004) The new hybrid cars. Retrieved June 19, 2004 from http//www.eartheasy. com/live_hybrid_cars Environmental tribute Agency, (March 2003). Cl ean option Fuels Electric Vehicles. Retrieved, June 18, 2004 from http//www. epa. gov/otaq/consumer/fuels/altfuels/altfuels. htmfact EV Rental Cars (2002) Website.Retrieved June 19, 2004 from http//www. evrental. com/index. hypertext mark-up language Fordvehicles. com (2004) Escape Hybrid. Retrieved June 19, 2004 from http//www. fordvehicles. com/escapehybrid/home/index. asp viper? bhcp=1 Ineed2know. org (2003 2004) We Know 5 important facts about hybrid cars.Retrieved June 20, 2004 from http//www. ineed2know. org/hybrid_cars. htm Kiley, D. (April 8, 2004) Top auto execs turn to tax code to boost fuel efficient vehicles. USA Today Looper, M. , (2004) Owner and Webmaster of www. altfuels. org Interviewed June, 2004 Mossy Automotive Group, (January 22, 2004). Alternative fuel vehicles would add powerful new dimensions to any auto fleet. Mossy Automotive Group Online. Retrieved June 24, 2004 from http//www. mossy. com/news_show. html? item_num=10 Phelan, M. (June 3, 2004).Cutting th e hybrid hype. The Detroit Free Press. Retrieved June 20, 2004 from http//www. freep. com/money/autoreviews/hybrid3e_20040603. htm Pontiac. com (2004) Pontiac Vibe. Retrieved June 19, 2004 from http//www. pontiac. com/vibe/index. jsp? brand=home&pagename=home Taxguide. com (2004) Website. Retrieved June 18, 2004 from http//www. taxguide. completetax. com yokel Autos (2004) 2004 Toyota Prius. Retrieved June 22, 2004 from http//autos. yahoo. com/newcars/toyota_prius_2004/3809/model_overview. html.